Something about Database Design

I read some articles about how to design a relation database. There is a note extract from the articles. it is a good guide to design a database.

Normalisation is the term used to describe how you break a file down into tables to create a database.
The targets of normalization:
1.minimization of data redundancy
2.minimization of data restructuring
3.minimization of I/O by reduction of transaction sizes
4.enforcement of referential integrity

The First Normal Form (1NF) addresses the structure of an isolated table.
The Second (2NF), Third (3NF), and Boyce-Codd (BCNF) Normal Forms address one-to-one and one-to-many relationships.
The Fourth (4NF) and Fifth (5NF) Normal Forms deal with many-to-many relationships.

Normal Form define:
A table is said to be in First Normal Form (1NF), if all entries in it are scalar-valued. Relational database tables are 1NF by construction since vector-valued entries are forbidden.
A table is in Second Normal Form (2NF) if every non-key field is a fact about the entire key. In other words, a table is 2NF if it is 1NF and all non-key attributes are functionally dependent on the entire primary key (that is, the dependency is irreducible).
A relation is in Third Normal Form (3NF) if it is 2NF and none of its attributes is a fact about another non-key field. In other words, no non-key field functionally depends on any other non-key field.

Every field in a record must depend on The Key (1NF), the Whole Key (2NF), and Nothing But The Key (3NF).

Some tips:
1.Table name all caps.
2.An attribute is a descriptive or quantitative characteristic of an entity. Initial Cap.
3.PK is a uniquely identify each instance of an entity,should not change. The Integer datatype is more effecient than CHAR datatype.
should non-intelligent.
4.A relationship is a logical link between entities. one-to-many we can use FK to implements.
5.many-to-many relationship may be resolved by creating an intermediate entity known as a cross-reference(XREF) entity.
6.FK, the value is dependency on pk.
7.identifying or non-identifying.
8.Cardinality "How many instances of the child entity relate to each instance of the parent entity?"

the process of design a database.
Table define
Attribute define
Relationship define

All the things are picked up from the articles which refered in this post:10-useful-articles-about-database.